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Decision Making (if, if else)

In programming, there may arise a situation where we may need to run a block of code among multiple alternatives.

For example,

assigning grades A, B, or C based on the marks obtained by the student.

In such situations, we use the if statement to create programs that can make decisions.

If Statement :

● The syntax of the if statement Is:

If(testCondition) {

// code to execute

}

The if statement evaluates the testCondition like: age >= 18

If the testCondition evaluates to

True – the body of the if statement is executed

False – the body of the if statement is skipped

Let’s see a working example next.

Example 1: if Statement

● This program checks whether a number is negative or not.

class Main { 

public static void main(String[] args) { 

int number = 12; 

if (number > 0) { 

System.out.println( "Positive Number"); 

} 

System.out.println( "Code outside if statement"); 

} 
} 
/*Output: 

Positive Number 
Code outside if statement*/

/*Here, number > 0 Is true. Hence, the body of the if statement is executed */

if else Statement :

● The if statement can have an optional else clause.

Its syntax is:

If (testCondition) {

// body of if

}

else {

// body of else

}

How if…else works?

The program evaluates the testCondition. If the testCondition evaluates to

True – the body of if is executed

False – the body of else Is executed

Quiz

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